聲(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)模(mu)擬(ni)係(ji)統(tong)聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)異(yi)常(chang)排(pai)查(cha)方(fang)法(fa)、日(ri)常(chang)運(yun)維(wei)與(yu)聲(sheng)學(xue)標(biao)定(ding)完(wan)整(zheng)流(liu)程(cheng)
聲(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)模(mu)擬(ni)係(ji)統(tong)是(shi)各(ge)類(lei)聲(sheng)學(xue)試(shi)驗(yan)、環(huan)境(jing)模(mu)擬(ni)測(ce)試(shi)的(di)核(he)心(xin)設(she)備(bei),聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)是(shi)保(bao)障(zhang)試(shi)驗(yan)數(shuo)據(ju)真(zhen)實(shi)有(you)效(xiao)的(di)核(he)心(xin)基(ji)礎(chu)指(zhi)標(biao)。係(ji)統(tong)長(zhang)期(qi)連(lian)續(xu)運(yun)行(hang)、環(huan)境(jing)工(gong)況(kuang)變(bian)動(dong)、設(she)備(bei)部(bu)件(jian)老(lao)化(hua)及(ji)日(ri)常(chang)操(cao)作(zuo)疏(shu)漏(lou),都(du)會(kuai)引(yin)發(fa)聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)偏(pian)移(yi)問(wen)題(ti),直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)各(ge)類(lei)聲(sheng)學(xue)測(ce)試(shi)試(shi)驗(yan)的(di)準(zhun)確(que)性(xing)與(yu)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。為(wei)保(bao)障(zhang)係(ji)統(tong)穩(wen)定(ding)運(yun)行(hang),規(gui)範(fan)設(she)備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)管(guan)理(li),本(ben)文(wen)係(ji)統(tong)性(xing)闡(chan)述(shu)聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)異(yi)常(chang)排(pai)查(cha)思(si)路(lu)、常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)運(yun)維(wei)細(xi)則(ze)以(yi)及(ji)全(quan)套(tao)聲(sheng)學(xue)標(biao)定(ding)操(cao)作(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng),為(wei)設(she)備(bei)穩(wen)定(ding)運(yun)行(hang)提(ti)供(gong)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)技(ji)術(zhu)參(shen)考(kao)。
一(yi)、聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)異(yi)常(chang)排(pai)查(cha)方(fang)法(fa)
聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)出(chu)現(xian)異(yi)常(chang),主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)測(ce)試(shi)區(ou)域(yu)內(nei)聲(sheng)信(xin)號(hao)分(fen)布(bu)不(bu)均(jun)衡(heng)、同(tong)批(pi)次(ci)測(ce)試(shi)數(shuo)據(ju)偏(pian)差(chai)較(jiao)大(dai)、信(xin)號(hao)波(bo)動(dong)無(wu)規(gui)律(lv)等(deng)現(xian)象(xiang),排(pai)查(cha)工(gong)作(zuo)需(xu)遵(zun)循(xun)由(you)外(wai)到(dao)內(nei)、由(you)簡(jian)到(dao)繁(fan)的(di)順(shun)序(xu)開(kai)展(zhan),逐(zhu)步(bu)鎖(suo)定(ding)問(wen)題(ti)根(gen)源(yuan)。
首(shou)先(xian)開(kai)展(zhan)現(xian)場(chang)環(huan)境(jing)排(pai)查(cha)。試(shi)驗(yan)空(kong)間(jian)內(nei)的(di)雜(za)物(wu)堆(dui)放(fang)、臨(lin)時(shi)增(zeng)設(she)的(di)遮(zhe)擋(dang)物(wu)體(ti),會(kuai)改(gai)變(bian)聲(sheng)波(bo)的(di)傳(zhuan)播(bo)與(yu)反(fan)射(she)路(lu)徑(jing),造(zao)成(cheng)局(ju)部(bu)聲(sheng)場(chang)紊(wen)亂(luan)。需(xu)清(qing)空(kong)測(ce)試(shi)區(ou)域(yu)內(nei)無(wu)關(guan)設(she)備(bei)、物(wu)料(liao),保(bao)證(zheng)測(ce)試(shi)空(kong)間(jian)空(kong)曠(kuang)規(gui)整(zheng),牆(qiang)麵(mian)、地(de)麵(mian)無(wu)新(xin)增(zeng)遮(zhe)擋(dang)與(yu)反(fan)光(guang)障(zhang)礙(ai)物(wu)。同(tong)時(shi)排(pai)查(cha)空(kong)間(jian)通(tong)風(feng)、溫(wen)控(kong)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)狀(zhuang)態(tai),氣(qi)流(liu)擾(rao)動(dong)會(kuai)對(dui)聲(sheng)波(bo)傳(zhuan)播(bo)產(chan)生(sheng)幹(gan)擾(rao),需(xu)在(zai)試(shi)驗(yan)及(ji)檢(jian)測(ce)時(shi)段(duan)保(bao)持(chi)空(kong)間(jian)環(huan)境(jing)狀(zhuang)態(tai)穩(wen)定(ding),關(guan)閉(bi)不(bu)必(bi)要(yao)的(di)通(tong)風(feng)設(she)備(bei),減(jian)少(shao)環(huan)境(jing)氣(qi)流(liu)波(bo)動(dong)帶(dai)來(lai)的(di)影(ying)響(xiang)。此(ci)外(wai),需(xu)檢(jian)查(cha)空(kong)間(jian)門(men)窗(chuang)、密(mi)封(feng)結(jie)構(gou)的(di)閉(bi)合(ge)狀(zhuang)態(tai),縫(feng)隙(xi)造(zao)成(cheng)的(di)聲(sheng)泄(xie)露(lou),會(kuai)破(po)壞(huai)聲(sheng)場(chang)分(fen)布(bu)的(di)規(gui)整(zheng)性(xing),需(xu)確(que)保(bao)空(kong)間(jian)處(chu)於(yu)密(mi)閉(bi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)後(hou)再(zai)進(jin)行(hang)複(fu)測(ce)驗(yan)證(zheng)。
其(qi)次(ci)進(jin)行(hang)設(she)備(bei)硬(ying)件(jian)排(pai)查(cha)。重(chong)點(dian)檢(jian)查(cha)係(ji)統(tong)發(fa)聲(sheng)單(shan)元(yuan)的(di)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai),查(cha)看(kan)各(ge)類(lei)發(fa)聲(sheng)設(she)備(bei)是(shi)否(pi)存(cun)在(zai)固(gu)定(ding)鬆(song)動(dong)、外(wai)殼(qiao)形(xing)變(bian)、表(biao)麵(mian)積(ji)塵(chen)積(ji)汙(wu)等(deng)情(qing)況(kuang),部(bu)件(jian)鬆(song)動(dong)會(kuai)導(dao)致(zhi)發(fa)聲(sheng)位(wei)置(zhi)偏(pian)移(yi),積(ji)汙(wu)會(kuai)影(ying)響(xiang)聲(sheng)波(bo)輸(shu)出(chu)狀(zhuang)態(tai),造(zao)成(cheng)聲(sheng)場(chang)分(fen)布(bu)失(shi)衡(heng)。隨(sui)後(hou)檢(jian)查(cha)信(xin)號(hao)傳(zhuan)輸(shu)線(xian)路(lu),排(pai)查(cha)線(xian)路(lu)老(lao)化(hua)、接(jie)口(kou)鬆(song)動(dong)、線(xian)路(lu)擠(ji)壓(ya)彎(wan)折(she)等(deng)問(wen)題(ti),線(xian)路(lu)接(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)會(kuai)導(dao)致(zhi)聲(sheng)信(xin)號(hao)傳(zhuan)輸(shu)不(bu)穩(wen)定(ding),引(yin)發(fa)局(ju)部(bu)聲(sheng)場(chang)異(yi)常(chang)。同(tong)時(shi)檢(jian)查(cha)接(jie)收(shou)設(she)備(bei)的(di)安(an)裝(zhuang)狀(zhuang)態(tai),接(jie)收(shou)點(dian)位(wei)偏(pian)移(yi)、設(she)備(bei)固(gu)定(ding)不(bu)穩(wen),會(kuai)直(zhi)接(jie)導(dao)致(zhi)采(cai)集(ji)數(shuo)據(ju)偏(pian)差(chai),需(xu)確(que)認(ren)所(suo)有(you)采(cai)集(ji)設(she)備(bei)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)置(zhi)規(gui)整(zheng)、固(gu)定(ding)牢(lao)固(gu)。
最(zui)後(hou)開(kai)展(zhan)係(ji)統(tong)運(yun)行(hang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)排(pai)查(cha)。核(he)對(dui)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)模(mu)式(shi)是(shi)否(pi)符(fu)合(ge)試(shi)驗(yan)要(yao)求(qiu),排(pai)查(cha)運(yun)行(hang)程(cheng)序(xu)是(shi)否(pi)出(chu)現(xian)卡(qia)頓(dun)、模(mu)式(shi)錯(cuo)亂(luan)、通(tong)道(dao)切(qie)換(huan)異(yi)常(chang)等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。針(zhen)對(dui)持(chi)續(xu)存(cun)在(zai)的(di)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)偏(pian)差(chai),可(ke)通(tong)過(guo)分(fen)區(ou)對(dui)比(bi)測(ce)試(shi)的(di)方(fang)式(shi),逐(zhu)一(yi)排(pai)查(cha)各(ge)個(ge)發(fa)聲(sheng)通(tong)道(dao)、采(cai)集(ji)點(dian)位(wei)的(di)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai),定(ding)位(wei)故(gu)障(zhang)通(tong)道(dao)與(yu)異(yi)常(chang)區(ou)域(yu),為(wei)後(hou)續(xu)整(zheng)改(gai)修(xiu)複(fu)提(ti)供(gong)依(yi)據(ju)。
二(er)、係(ji)統(tong)日(ri)常(chang)運(yun)維(wei)管(guan)理(li)流(liu)程(cheng)
常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)運(yun)維(wei)是(shi)規(gui)避(bi)聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)異(yi)常(chang)、延(yan)長(zhang)設(she)備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)的(di)關(guan)鍵(jian),核(he)心(xin)圍(wei)繞(rao)清(qing)潔(jie)、巡(xun)檢(jian)、養(yang)護(hu)、規(gui)範(fan)操(cao)作(zuo)四(si)個(ge)維(wei)度(duo)開(kai)展(zhan),形(xing)成(cheng)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)運(yun)維(wei)體(ti)係(ji)。
日(ri)常(chang)清(qing)潔(jie)工(gong)作(zuo)需(xu)定(ding)期(qi)落(la)實(shi),定(ding)期(qi)清(qing)理(li)發(fa)聲(sheng)單(shan)元(yuan)、采(cai)集(ji)設(she)備(bei)表(biao)麵(mian)的(di)灰(hui)塵(chen)與(yu)汙(wu)漬(zi),避(bi)免(wen)雜(za)物(wu)覆(fu)蓋(ge)影(ying)響(xiang)聲(sheng)波(bo)輸(shu)出(chu)與(yu)信(xin)號(hao)采(cai)集(ji)精(jing)度(duo)。對(dui)試(shi)驗(yan)空(kong)間(jian)地(de)麵(mian)、牆(qiang)麵(mian)進(jin)行(hang)常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)清(qing)潔(jie),減(jian)少(shao)浮(fu)塵(chen)堆(dui)積(ji),避(bi)免(wen)灰(hui)塵(chen)長(zhang)期(qi)附(fu)著(zhuo)改(gai)變(bian)空(kong)間(jian)聲(sheng)學(xue)反(fan)射(she)條(tiao)件(jian)。同(tong)時(shi)清(qing)理(li)設(she)備(bei)周(zhou)邊(bian)線(xian)路(lu),規(gui)整(zheng)線(xian)路(lu)排(pai)布(bu),避(bi)免(wen)線(xian)路(lu)纏(chan)繞(rao)、擠(ji)壓(ya)引(yin)發(fa)的(di)傳(zhuan)輸(shu)故(gu)障(zhang)。清(qing)潔(jie)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)需(xu)采(cai)用(yong)輕(qing)柔(rou)操(cao)作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi),避(bi)免(wen)觸(chu)碰(peng)、移(yi)位(wei)設(she)備(bei)固(gu)定(ding)點(dian)位(wei),防(fang)止(zhi)設(she)備(bei)位(wei)置(zhi)偏(pian)移(yi)。
日(ri)常(chang)巡(xun)檢(jian)需(xu)每(mei)日(ri)開(kai)機(ji)前(qian)完(wan)成(cheng),工(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)逐(zhu)一(yi)檢(jian)查(cha)設(she)備(bei)外(wai)觀(guan)、固(gu)定(ding)結(jie)構(gou)、線(xian)路(lu)接(jie)口(kou)狀(zhuang)態(tai),確(que)認(ren)無(wu)鬆(song)動(dong)、破(po)損(sun)、老(lao)化(hua)等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。開(kai)機(ji)空(kong)載(zai)運(yun)行(hang)一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)間(jian),觀(guan)察(cha)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)狀(zhuang)態(tai),排(pai)查(cha)有(you)無(wu)異(yi)響(xiang)、信(xin)號(hao)異(yi)常(chang)、程(cheng)序(xu)報(bao)錯(cuo)等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。定(ding)期(qi)檢(jian)查(cha)設(she)備(bei)散(san)熱(re)、通(tong)風(feng)結(jie)構(gou),避(bi)免(wen)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)積(ji)熱(re),影(ying)響(xiang)內(nei)部(bu)元(yuan)件(jian)工(gong)作(zuo)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。巡(xun)檢(jian)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)輕(qing)微(wei)問(wen)題(ti)需(xu)及(ji)時(shi)整(zheng)改(gai),隱(yin)患(huan)問(wen)題(ti)及(ji)時(shi)記(ji)錄(lu)並(bing)停(ting)機(ji)處(chu)理(li),杜(du)絕(jue)帶(dai)故(gu)障(zhang)運(yun)行(hang)。
設(she)備(bei)定(ding)期(qi)養(yang)護(hu)需(xu)按(an)周(zhou)期(qi)開(kai)展(zhan),對(dui)設(she)備(bei)固(gu)定(ding)固(gu)件(jian)、連(lian)接(jie)結(jie)構(gou)進(jin)行(hang)緊(jin)固(gu)檢(jian)查(cha),對(dui)頻(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)合(ge)、活(huo)動(dong)的(di)部(bu)件(jian)進(jin)行(hang)養(yang)護(hu)處(chu)理(li),保(bao)證(zheng)設(she)備(bei)結(jie)構(gou)穩(wen)定(ding)。定(ding)期(qi)檢(jian)查(cha)傳(zhuan)輸(shu)線(xian)路(lu)損(sun)耗(hao)狀(zhuang)態(tai),對(dui)老(lao)化(hua)、破(po)損(sun)線(xian)路(lu)及(ji)時(shi)更(geng)換(huan)。同(tong)時(shi)規(gui)範(fan)設(she)備(bei)啟(qi)停(ting)操(cao)作(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng),杜(du)絕(jue)瞬(shun)時(shi)啟(qi)停(ting)、頻(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)關(guan)機(ji)等(deng)不(bu)規(gui)範(fan)操(cao)作(zuo),設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)避(bi)免(wen)隨(sui)意(yi)更(geng)改(gai)運(yun)行(hang)參(shen)數(shuo),減(jian)少(shao)設(she)備(bei)工(gong)況(kuang)頻(pin)繁(fan)變(bian)動(dong)帶(dai)來(lai)的(di)損(sun)耗(hao)。試(shi)驗(yan)結(jie)束(shu)後(hou)及(ji)時(shi)關(guan)停(ting)設(she)備(bei)、規(gui)整(zheng)現(xian)場(chang),做(zuo)好(hao)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)記(ji)錄(lu),留(liu)存(cun)工(gong)況(kuang)信(xin)息(xi)便(pian)於(yu)後(hou)續(xu)溯(su)源(yuan)。
三(san)、聲(sheng)學(xue)標(biao)定(ding)完(wan)整(zheng)操(cao)作(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng)
定(ding)期(qi)聲(sheng)學(xue)標(biao)定(ding)是(shi)修(xiu)正(zheng)聲(sheng)場(chang)偏(pian)差(chai)、保(bao)障(zhang)測(ce)試(shi)精(jing)度(duo)的(di)核(he)心(xin)環(huan)節(jie),需(xu)按(an)照(zhao)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)流(liu)程(cheng)穩(wen)步(bu)操(cao)作(zuo),確(que)保(bao)標(biao)定(ding)結(jie)果(guo)有(you)效(xiao),適(kuo)配(pei)係(ji)統(tong)運(yun)行(hang)工(gong)況(kuang)。
標(biao)定(ding)前(qian)期(qi)準(zhun)備(bei)工(gong)作(zuo),需(xu)提(ti)前(qian)規(gui)整(zheng)試(shi)驗(yan)空(kong)間(jian),清(qing)空(kong)無(wu)關(guan)物(wu)品(pin),保(bao)持(chi)空(kong)間(jian)環(huan)境(jing)整(zheng)潔(jie)、密(mi)閉(bi)、無(wu)幹(gan)擾(rao),提(ti)前(qian)開(kai)啟(qi)環(huan)境(jing)調(diao)控(kong)設(she)備(bei),讓(rang)空(kong)間(jian)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)持(chi)穩(wen)定(ding)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。準(zhun)備(bei)配(pei)套(tao)標(biao)定(ding)設(she)備(bei)與(yu)工(gong)具(ju),提(ti)前(qian)檢(jian)查(cha)標(biao)定(ding)設(she)備(bei)的(di)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai),確(que)認(ren)設(she)備(bei)完(wan)好(hao)可(ke)用(yong)。完(wan)成(cheng)係(ji)統(tong)設(she)備(bei)的(di)開(kai)機(ji)預(yu)熱(re),待(dai)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)穩(wen)定(ding)後(hou),方(fang)可(ke)進(jin)入(ru)標(biao)定(ding)流(liu)程(cheng)。同(tong)時(shi)記(ji)錄(lu)現(xian)場(chang)環(huan)境(jing)工(gong)況(kuang),保(bao)證(zheng)標(biao)定(ding)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)環(huan)境(jing)狀(zhuang)態(tai)一(yi)致(zhi),避(bi)免(wen)環(huan)境(jing)波(bo)動(dong)影(ying)響(xiang)標(biao)定(ding)結(jie)果(guo)。
正(zheng)式(shi)標(biao)定(ding)階(jie)段(duan),首(shou)先(xian)完(wan)成(cheng)采(cai)集(ji)設(she)備(bei)的(di)校(jiao)準(zhun)調(diao)試(shi),調(diao)整(zheng)采(cai)集(ji)設(she)備(bei)安(an)裝(zhuang)姿(zi)態(tai)與(yu)點(dian)位(wei),保(bao)證(zheng)設(she)備(bei)處(chu)於(yu)標(biao)準(zhun)工(gong)作(zuo)位(wei)置(zhi),開(kai)啟(qi)設(she)備(bei)自(zi)檢(jian)程(cheng)序(xu),排(pai)查(cha)采(cai)集(ji)通(tong)道(dao)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。隨(sui)後(hou)啟(qi)動(dong)聲(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)模(mu)擬(ni)係(ji)統(tong),開(kai)啟(qi)標(biao)準(zhun)發(fa)聲(sheng)模(mu)式(shi),讓(rang)係(ji)統(tong)輸(shu)出(chu)穩(wen)定(ding)的(di)聲(sheng)信(xin)號(hao)。按(an)照(zhao)區(ou)域(yu)劃(hua)分(fen),依(yi)次(ci)完(wan)成(cheng)測(ce)試(shi)空(kong)間(jian)不(bu)同(tong)點(dian)位(wei)的(di)信(xin)號(hao)采(cai)集(ji),全(quan)程(cheng)保(bao)持(chi)采(cai)集(ji)動(dong)作(zuo)規(gui)範(fan),避(bi)免(wen)人(ren)為(wei)操(cao)作(zuo)幹(gan)擾(rao)數(shuo)據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)。采(cai)集(ji)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)逐(zhu)一(yi)核(he)對(dui)各(ge)點(dian)位(wei)信(xin)號(hao)狀(zhuang)態(tai),記(ji)錄(lu)原(yuan)始(shi)采(cai)集(ji)數(shuo)據(ju),確(que)保(bao)數(shuo)據(ju)真(zhen)實(shi)完(wan)整(zheng)。
標(biao)定(ding)收(shou)尾(yi)階(jie)段(duan),整(zheng)理(li)全(quan)部(bu)采(cai)集(ji)數(shuo)據(ju),對(dui)比(bi)各(ge)區(ou)域(yu)聲(sheng)場(chang)分(fen)布(bu)狀(zhuang)態(tai),核(he)算(suan)聲(sheng)場(chang)均(jun)勻(yun)度(duo)實(shi)際(ji)情(qing)況(kuang)。針(zhen)對(dui)標(biao)定(ding)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)的(di)偏(pian)差(chai)區(ou)域(yu),微(wei)調(diao)對(dui)應(ying)發(fa)聲(sheng)單(shan)元(yuan)的(di)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)與(yu)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)置(zhi),逐(zhu)步(bu)修(xiu)正(zheng)聲(sheng)場(chang)偏(pian)差(chai),直(zhi)至(zhi)聲(sheng)場(chang)分(fen)布(bu)趨(qu)於(yu)規(gui)整(zheng)。標(biao)定(ding)完(wan)成(cheng)後(hou),保(bao)存(cun)係(ji)統(tong)標(biao)定(ding)數(shuo)據(ju)與(yu)運(yun)行(hang)參(shen)數(shuo),生(sheng)成(cheng)標(biao)定(ding)記(ji)錄(lu)存(cun)檔(dang)備(bei)查(cha)。最(zui)後(hou)關(guan)閉(bi)設(she)備(bei),規(gui)整(zheng)現(xian)場(chang),完(wan)成(cheng)整(zheng)套(tao)標(biao)定(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)。同(tong)時(shi)根(gen)據(ju)標(biao)定(ding)結(jie)果(guo),更(geng)新(xin)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)基(ji)準(zhun),為(wei)後(hou)續(xu)各(ge)類(lei)聲(sheng)學(xue)模(mu)擬(ni)試(shi)驗(yan)提(ti)供(gong)精(jing)準(zhun)的(di)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(hang)基(ji)礎(chu)。