多(duo)模(mu)態(tai)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)儀(yi)是(shi)整(zheng)合(ge)腦(nao)成(cheng)像(xiang)的(di)前(qian)沿(yan)技(ji)術(zhu)
多(duo)模(mu)態(tai)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)儀(yi)是(shi)將(qiang)兩(liang)種(zhong)或(huo)多(duo)種(zhong)具(ju)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)物(wu)理(li)原(yuan)理(li)和(hu)成(cheng)像(xiang)特(te)性(xing)的(di)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)探(tan)測(ce)技(ji)術(zhu),在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)實(shi)驗(yan)範(fan)式(shi)下(xia)對(dui)同(tong)一(yi)研(yan)究(jiu)對(dui)象(xiang)進(jin)行(hang)同(tong)步(bu)或(huo)融(rong)合(ge)測(ce)量(liang)的(di)集(ji)成(cheng)係(ji)統(tong)。其(qi)作(zuo)為(wei)整(zheng)合(ge)腦(nao)成(cheng)像(xiang)的(di)前(qian)沿(yan)技(ji)術(zhu),核(he)心(xin)在(zai)於(yu)通(tong)過(guo)技(ji)術(zhu)協(xie)同(tong)與(yu)數(shuo)據(ju)融(rong)合(ge),克(kei)服(fu)單(shan)一(yi)模(mu)態(tai)的(di)局(ju)限(xian)性(xing),提(ti)供(gong)關(guan)於(yu)大(dai)腦(nao)結(jie)構(gou)與(yu)功(gong)能(neng)、神(shen)經(jing)活(huo)動(dong)與(yu)生(sheng)理(li)響(xiang)應(ying)、電(dian)信(xin)號(hao)與(yu)血(xue)流(liu)代(dai)謝(xie)等(deng)多(duo)維(wei)度(duo)、互(hu)補(bu)的(di)信(xin)息(xi),從(zong)而(er)更(geng)全(quan)麵(mian)、更(geng)深(shen)入(ru)地(de)解(xie)析(xi)認(ren)知(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)、神(shen)經(jing)機(ji)製(zhi)及(ji)腦(nao)部(bu)疾(ji)病(bing)的(di)病(bing)理(li)生(sheng)理(li)基(ji)礎(chu)。 一(yi)、技(ji)術(zhu)整(zheng)合(ge)的(di)優(you)勢(shi)與(yu)必(bi)要(yao)性(xing)
單(shan)一(yi)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)成(cheng)像(xiang)技(ji)術(zhu)各(ge)有(you)側(zhai)重(chong)與(yu)局(ju)限(xian)。功(gong)能(neng)磁(ci)共(gong)振(zhen)成(cheng)像(xiang)、正(zheng)電(dian)子(zi)發(fa)射(she)斷(duan)層(ceng)掃(sao)描(miao)技(ji)術(zhu)能(neng)提(ti)供(gong)毫(hao)米(mi)級(ji)的(di)空(kong)間(jian)定(ding)位(wei),反(fan)映(ying)與(yu)神(shen)經(jing)活(huo)動(dong)相(xiang)關(guan)的(di)血(xue)流(liu)、代(dai)謝(xie)變(bian)化(hua),但(dan)時(shi)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)低(di)。近(jin)紅(hong)外(wai)光(guang)譜(pu)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)成(cheng)像(xiang)則(ze)能(neng)以(yi)較(jiao)高(gao)時(shi)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)監(jian)測(ce)大(dai)腦(nao)皮(pi)層(ceng)的(di)血(xue)流(liu)動(dong)力(li)學(xue)變(bian)化(hua),但(dan)探(tan)測(ce)深(shen)度(duo)和(hu)空(kong)間(jian)覆(fu)蓋(ge)範(fan)圍(wei)有(you)限(xian)。
多(duo)模(mu)態(tai)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)儀(yi)通(tong)過(guo)將(qiang)不(bu)同(tong)時(shi)間(jian)、空(kong)間(jian)、生(sheng)理(li)特(te)異(yi)性(xing)尺(che)度(duo)的(di)技(ji)術(zhu)整(zheng)合(ge),實(shi)現(xian)優(you)勢(shi)互(hu)補(bu)。高(gao)時(shi)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)的(di)腦(nao)電(dian)圖(tu)或(huo)腦(nao)磁(ci)圖(tu)與(yu)高(gao)空(kong)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)的(di)功(gong)能(neng)磁(ci)共(gong)振(zhen)成(cheng)像(xiang)或(huo)近(jin)紅(hong)外(wai)光(guang)譜(pu)成(cheng)像(xiang)同(tong)步(bu),可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)精(jing)確(que)定(ding)位(wei)腦(nao)活(huo)動(dong)源(yuan)的(di)同(tong)時(shi),完(wan)整(zheng)刻(ke)畫(hua)其(qi)毫(hao)秒(miao)級(ji)的(di)動(dong)態(tai)演(yan)變(bian)過(guo)程(cheng)。功(gong)能(neng)磁(ci)共(gong)振(zhen)成(cheng)像(xiang)提(ti)供(gong)的(di)全(quan)腦(nao)結(jie)構(gou)與(yu)功(gong)能(neng)連(lian)接(jie)信(xin)息(xi),可(ke)與(yu)近(jin)紅(hong)外(wai)光(guang)譜(pu)成(cheng)像(xiang)在(zai)特(te)定(ding)腦(nao)區(ou)的(di)高(gao)時(shi)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)血(xue)流(liu)動(dong)力(li)學(xue)信(xin)號(hao)相(xiang)互(hu)印(yin)證(zheng)與(yu)校(jiao)正(zheng)。這(zhe)種(zhong)整(zheng)合(ge)旨(zhi)在(zai)構(gou)建(jian)對(dui)大(dai)腦(nao)活(huo)動(dong)更(geng)完(wan)整(zheng)、更(geng)精(jing)確(que)的(di)描(miao)述(shu),逼(bi)近(jin)其(qi)真(zhen)實(shi)、複(fu)雜(za)的(di)時(shi)空(kong)與(yu)生(sheng)理(li)本(ben)質(zhi)。

二(er)、整(zheng)合(ge)模(mu)式(shi)與(yu)技(ji)術(zhu)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)
同(tong)步(bu)測(ce)量(liang)模(mu)式(shi)
直(zhi)接(jie)的(di)整(zheng)合(ge)是(shi)實(shi)現(xian)多(duo)台(tai)設(she)備(bei)在(zai)時(shi)間(jian)上(shang)的(di)嚴(yan)格(ge)同(tong)步(bu)采(cai)集(ji)。這(zhe)要(yao)求(qiu)在(zai)硬(ying)件(jian)上(shang)解(xie)決(jue)不(bu)同(tong)設(she)備(bei)間(jian)的(di)電(dian)磁(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)、物(wu)理(li)空(kong)間(jian)共(gong)享(xiang)、信(xin)號(hao)幹(gan)擾(rao)隔(ge)離(li)等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。在(zai)近(jin)紅(hong)外(wai)光(guang)譜(pu)成(cheng)像(xiang)與(yu)腦(nao)電(dian)圖(tu)同(tong)步(bu)時(shi),需(xu)合(ge)理(li)排(pai)布(bu)光(guang)極(ji)與(yu)電(dian)極(ji),避(bi)免(wen)相(xiang)互(hu)遮(zhe)擋(dang)和(hu)信(xin)號(hao)串(chuan)擾(rao)。同(tong)步(bu)采(cai)集(ji)保(bao)證(zheng)了(liao)不(bu)同(tong)模(mu)態(tai)數(shuo)據(ju)在(zai)時(shi)間(jian)軸(zhou)上(shang)的(di)嚴(yan)格(ge)對(dui)齊(qi),是(shi)後(hou)續(xu)進(jin)行(hang)毫(hao)秒(miao)級(ji)動(dong)態(tai)關(guan)聯(lian)分(fen)析(xi)的(di)基(ji)礎(chu)。
融(rong)合(ge)分(fen)析(xi)模(mu)式(shi)
更(geng)深(shen)層(ceng)次(ci)的(di)整(zheng)合(ge)體(ti)現(xian)在(zai)數(shuo)據(ju)的(di)融(rong)合(ge)分(fen)析(xi)。這(zhe)超(chao)越(yue)了(liao)簡(jian)單(shan)的(di)數(shuo)據(ju)並(bing)列(lie)呈(cheng)現(xian),旨(zhi)在(zai)建(jian)立(li)不(bu)同(tong)模(mu)態(tai)信(xin)號(hao)間(jian)的(di)定(ding)量(liang)關(guan)聯(lian)模(mu)型(xing),或(huo)將(qiang)不(bu)同(tong)模(mu)態(tai)數(shuo)據(ju)共(gong)同(tong)輸(shu)入(ru)到(dao)一(yi)個(ge)統(tong)一(yi)的(di)計(ji)算(suan)框(kuang)架(jia)中(zhong)進(jin)行(hang)反(fan)演(yan)與(yu)解(xie)釋(shi)。利(li)用(yong)近(jin)紅(hong)外(wai)光(guang)譜(pu)測(ce)得(dei)的(di)局(ju)部(bu)血(xue)流(liu)動(dong)力(li)學(xue)響(xiang)應(ying)函(han)數(shuo),可(ke)以(yi)幫(bang)助(zhu)解(xie)卷(juan)積(ji)功(gong)能(neng)磁(ci)共(gong)振(zhen)成(cheng)像(xiang)信(xin)號(hao),改(gai)善(shan)其(qi)時(shi)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)估(gu)計(ji)。融(rong)合(ge)分(fen)析(xi)是(shi)揭(jie)示(shi)神(shen)經(jing)電(dian)活(huo)動(dong)與(yu)血(xue)流(liu)動(dong)力(li)學(xue)反(fan)應(ying)之(zhi)間(jian)複(fu)雜(za)耦(ou)合(ge)關(guan)係(ji)的(di)關(guan)鍵(jian)。
三(san)、在(zai)前(qian)沿(yan)研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)的(di)應(ying)用(yong)價(jia)值(zhi)
認(ren)知(zhi)神(shen)經(jing)科(ke)學(xue)基(ji)礎(chu)研(yan)究(jiu)
多(duo)模(mu)態(tai)整(zheng)合(ge)為(wei)研(yan)究(jiu)感(gan)知(zhi)、注(zhu)意(yi)、記(ji)憶(yi)、決(jue)策(ce)、語(yu)言(yan)等(deng)高(gao)級(ji)認(ren)知(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)的(di)神(shen)經(jing)機(ji)製(zhi)提(ti)供(gong)了(liao)*工(gong)具(ju)。研(yan)究(jiu)者(zhe)可(ke)以(yi)同(tong)時(shi)觀(guan)測(ce)認(ren)知(zhi)任(ren)務(wu)誘(you)發(fa)的(di)大(dai)腦(nao)電(dian)生(sheng)理(li)振(zhen)蕩(tang)模(mu)式(shi)、特(te)定(ding)腦(nao)網(wang)絡(lao)的(di)激(ji)活(huo)與(yu)失(shi)活(huo)時(shi)序(xu)、以(yi)及(ji)相(xiang)關(guan)腦(nao)區(ou)血(xue)流(liu)與(yu)代(dai)謝(xie)的(di)精(jing)細(xi)變(bian)化(hua),從(zong)而(er)在(zai)更(geng)完(wan)整(zheng)的(di)維(wei)度(duo)上(shang)刻(ke)畫(hua)認(ren)知(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)的(di)神(shen)經(jing)實(shi)現(xian)。
腦(nao)部(bu)疾(ji)病(bing)的(di)病(bing)理(li)機(ji)製(zhi)探(tan)索(suo)與(yu)早(zao)期(qi)診(zhen)斷(duan)
在(zai)阿(e)爾(er)茨(ci)海(hai)默(mo)病(bing)、帕(pa)金(jin)森(sen)病(bing)、抑(yi)鬱(yu)症(zheng)、精(jing)神(shen)分(fen)裂(lie)症(zheng)、癲(dian)癇(xian)等(deng)腦(nao)部(bu)疾(ji)病(bing)研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong),多(duo)模(mu)態(tai)整(zheng)合(ge)有(you)助(zhu)於(yu)發(fa)現(xian)更(geng)早(zao)期(qi)、更(geng)特(te)異(yi)的(di)生(sheng)物(wu)標(biao)誌(zhi)物(wu)。
腦(nao)機(ji)接(jie)口(kou)與(yu)神(shen)經(jing)調(diao)控(kong)
在(zai)發(fa)展(zhan)更(geng)高(gao)效(xiao)的(di)腦(nao)機(ji)接(jie)口(kou)係(ji)統(tong)時(shi),結(jie)合(ge)腦(nao)電(dian)圖(tu)的(di)高(gao)時(shi)間(jian)分(fen)辨(bian)率(shuai)與(yu)控(kong)製(zhi)指(zhi)令(ling)解(xie)碼(ma),以(yi)及(ji)功(gong)能(neng)磁(ci)共(gong)振(zhen)成(cheng)像(xiang)或(huo)近(jin)紅(hong)外(wai)光(guang)譜(pu)對(dui)解(xie)碼(ma)意(yi)圖(tu)源(yuan)定(ding)位(wei)的(di)輔(fu)助(zhu),可(ke)提(ti)升(sheng)係(ji)統(tong)的(di)性(xing)能(neng)與(yu)適(kuo)用(yong)性(xing)。在(zai)經(jing)顱(lu)磁(ci)刺(ci)激(ji)、經(jing)顱(lu)電(dian)刺(ci)激(ji)等(deng)神(shen)經(jing)調(diao)控(kong)技(ji)術(zhu)中(zhong),多(duo)模(mu)態(tai)腦(nao)功(gong)能(neng)儀(yi)可(ke)用(yong)於(yu)實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)測(ce)和(hu)評(ping)估(gu)刺(ci)激(ji)對(dui)大(dai)腦(nao)網(wang)絡(lao)活(huo)動(dong)的(di)即(ji)時(shi)與(yu)長(zhang)期(qi)影(ying)響(xiang),實(shi)現(xian)閉(bi)環(huan)的(di)個(ge)性(xing)化(hua)調(diao)控(kong)。